History20th century (1930s)Poland (Lwów, now Lviv, Ukraine)low confidence

The Scottish Café in Lwów (Lviv) was a meeting place where mathematicians of the Lwów School of Mathematics discussed problems and recorded them in a notebook later published as the Scottish Book.

Notes on verification

Confirmed by multiple independent, high-quality sources including Wikipedia, MacTutor's reproduction of Ulam's own preface, and academic sources, all consistent in details. [tier=unverified indep_score=0.375 clusters=1 claim_tier=notable] [harvest 2026-09-15: +4 source(s) on new hosts; tier unverified->gold indep=0.92 clusters=5] [kind-backfill 2026-09-15: kind=empirical eligibility=high]

Sources