SciencePrehistoric (3.2 million years ago)Ethiopia / East Africahigh confidence

The Lucy skeleton (Australopithecus afarensis) is only about 40 percent complete and lacks a head.

Notes on verification

The ~40% completeness figure is well-corroborated across multiple independent, high-quality sources (museums, academic institutions, major science journalism). The 'lacks a head' claim is slightly imprecise—Lucy has some skull fragments (occipital bone, jaw) but no complete cranium—so it's accurate when interpreted as lacking a complete skull rather than having no skull material at all. [cascade flags: aggregator_dropped_primary_exists,wikipedia_dropped_other_sources_exist | tier=silver indep_score=0.97 clusters=5 claim_tier=notable | framework convergence=single on The 40% figure traces back to the original 1974 Hadar excavation team's bone count (47 of ~207 bones), a single original measurement repeated by all subsequent secondary sources. (upstreams: Donald Johanson and the Hadar excavation team (1974), Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University) — publishers independent, evidence may not be | kind=empirical eligibility=high]

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