NOAA NCEI's ENSO indicators include sea-surface temperature (SST), outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and sea-level anomalies.
Notes on verification
NCEI's own metadata and news pages confirm the four listed indicators (SST, OLR, SOI, sea-level anomalies), with only a minor structural difference in how sea-level/zonal winds are grouped. [needs ≥1 corroborating source on a different host than https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/elnino/status; got 0 after cascade filter | tier=unverified indep_score=0.0 clusters=0 claim_tier=everyday] [kind-backfill 2026-09-15: kind=attributed eligibility=high] [harvest 2026-09-24: +4 source(s) on new hosts; tier unverified->gold indep=1.0 clusters=4]
Sources
- El Niño Today | El Nino Theme Page - A comprehensive Resource (seed:science_and_space)
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323421/ (corroboration)
- https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/NASA_SSH_ENSO_INDICATOR (corroboration)
- https://www.geographyrealm.com/remote-sensing-noaa-monitor-el-nino/ (corroboration)
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022169424013386 (corroboration)