World Events2000sUnited Stateshigh confidence

In the 2003 Wall Street research settlement, defendants were required to pay $894 million in penalties and disgorgement, consisting of $397 million in disgorgement and $497 million in penalties, including Merrill Lynch's earlier $100 million payment connected to its settlement with the states over research-analyst conflicts.

Notes on verification

Confirmed by SEC press release 2003-144 with identical figures, plus corroborating litigation releases and news coverage of Merrill Lynch's prior $100 million settlement. [tier=silver indep_score=0.7 clusters=2 claim_tier=notable]

Sources