In 2004, the humphead wrasse was categorized as Endangered by the IUCN.
Notes on verification
Confirmed by official IUCN Red List assessment (Russell 2004) and corroborated by multiple independent, reputable sources including FishBase, National Geographic, and academic literature. [tier=gold indep_score=0.95 clusters=6 claim_tier=notable | framework convergence=single on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 assessment (e.T4592A11023949) (upstreams: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Russell, B. 2004 assessment for the IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group) — publishers independent, evidence may not be | kind=empirical eligibility=high]
Sources
- Humphead Wrasses | MarineBio (seed:animals_and_wildlife)
- https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Cheilinus-undulatus.html (corroboration)
- https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/pdf/11023949/attachment (corroboration)
- https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/2962 (corroboration)
- https://news.mongabay.com/2025/06/endangered-humphead-wrasse-gets-a-lifeline-from-facial-recognition-tech/ (corroboration)
- https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/facial-recognition-humphead-wrasse-disappearing (corroboration)
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X23000428 (corroboration)