World EventsModernglobalhigh confidence

Espionage can be illegal and punishable by law in some circumstances.

Notes on verification

Well-corroborated by multiple legal sources (Cornell Law, federal statutes, Wikipedia) confirming espionage is illegal and punishable, including severe penalties like life imprisonment or death in the US. [tier=silver indep_score=0.833 clusters=3 claim_tier=everyday]

Sources