ScienceModernglobalhigh confidence

Both cluster headaches and migraine have been associated with circadian genes and altered levels of circadian-related hormones, including cortisol and melatonin.

Notes on verification

Confirmed by multiple independent peer-reviewed sources, including a 2023 Neurology systematic review/meta-analysis and AAN press release, plus older supporting studies on melatonin and cortisol dysregulation in cluster headache and migraine. [tier=gold indep_score=0.925 clusters=4 claim_tier=notable]

Sources