HistoryPaleolithic (c. 130,000 years ago)Europe (Poland)high confidence

A 130,000-year-old bear bone bears precise, parallel carvings attributed to Neanderthals.

Notes on verification

Confirmed by peer-reviewed study in Journal of Archaeological Science plus multiple independent science journalism sources (Live Science, IFLScience, Smithsonian) all reporting consistent details about the bear bone, its dating, and Neanderthal attribution. [cascade flags: aggregator_dropped_primary_exists | tier=silver indep_score=0.925 clusters=2 claim_tier=notable]

Sources